My Thoughts and Know-how

12 May 2019

This year is Quake 3's 20th anniversary! It is my favorite game (along with StarCraft: Broodwar) and since it is now open source I decided to give it minor updates, to restore its status of perfection. There are other mods, such as ioQuake3, but my goal here was to do minimal changes, and true to the initial spirit, the final patch is only about a page of strategically placed new code.

Original on the left & this patch on the right

16 Jan 2012

The most efficient way to reverse an N bit integer on a PC is in O(lgN). This involves shifting registers by many places and not all architectures natively support that. Take AVR - LSL and LSR shift by 1 place only. Furthermore, many of the smaller AVR microcontrollers have limited memory space making look-up tables impractical. Fortunately, the naive linear bit reversal can be done in 2N operations, making it fast enough.

To reverse the bits in a register we need a stack - push the bit at one end, then shift the number towards the same end. After doing that for all bits we do the reverse: popping followed by shifts in the other direction. AVR and many other ISA allow this in hardware through the carry flag (CF).

1 May 2011

One of the places where HTML, JavaScript and PHP are in perfect harmony is web forms.

Forms are defined by the form tag and can contain most of the other HTML tags. Out of those, input elements (such as text boxes) pass data to the server. The name attribute of an input element can be thought of as a variable which the web server reads. For example:

<form action="comments.php" method="post" name="myform">
	<input type="text" name="email"/>
	<input type="submit"/>
</form>

There are actually two methods which post the data:

• GET: The variables are appended by the browser to the address such as "script.php?var1=value1&var2=value2
• POST: The variables are passed via the HTTP protocol rather than as part of the URL.

What's sleek about forms is that it is trivial to add client-side error checking in JavaScript. This will not replace proper server-side verification as it is easy to bypass, but might help reduce unneeded server load and annoyance of the user while waiting for the page to refresh. We need to define a boolean-returning function and add onsubmit="return checkEmail()" to the from declaration. If checkEmail() returns true, the form is submitted, otherwise the button click is silently ignored. I used:

function checkEmail()
{
	if(!document.myform.email.value.match("^.+@.+\..{2,4}$")) {
		alert("Please enter a valid email.");
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}

This was my web forms in a nutshell. You can see & test the complete implementation in the blog's comments by using them :)

25 April 2011

How much code does a blog take?

1.8KB. It might be simple but this includes its PHP, HTML and CSS.

My minimalistic blog is quite simple. It uses PHP's built-in parse-ini-file() to parse an .ini file (which stores all blog entries) into a hash. The keys are the sections of the .ini file and the values are themselves hashes that contain the sections' value-pairs.

All that is left is a for-loop that iterates over the top-level hash to generate 3 rows of a HTML table at a time. The upper row contains the heading and the date, the middle one has the body text while the lower is for the comments link.

$contents = parse_ini_file('entries.ini', true);

foreach ($contents as $header => $data) {

	echo "<tr style=\"background: $data[color];\">";

	...

}